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Earthwork Battery, Golden Gate
By the end of the Civil War military artillery had advanced so much that brick fortresses such as Fort Point were vulnerable to armored vessel attacks. As a consequence, starting in 1870, the Golden Gate's defenses were replaced by a series of earthwork batteries. Inexpensive and easy to construct, a 3/4 mile line of earthwork batteries guarded the entrance into San Francisco Bay until the turn of the century. Battery East shown here, was designed to hold sixteen cannons and its underground passages and ammunition magazines can still be viewed today.
[ MAP D-7 ]